What are the risks associated with the procedure?
Because angiography involves puncturing an artery, internal bleeding or haemorrhage are possible complications of the test. As with any invasive procedure, infection of the puncture site or bloodstream is also a risk, but this is rare. A stroke or heart attack may be triggered by an angiogram if blood clots or plaques on the inside of the arterial wall are dislodged by the catheter and form a blockage in the blood vessels or artery. The movement of the catheter through its chambers may also irritate the heart during pulmonary and coronary angiography procedures, and arrhythmias may develop. Patients with kidney disease or injury may suffer further kidney damage from the contrast mediums used for angiography. Patients who have blood clotting problems, have a known allergy to contrast mediums, or are allergic to iodine, a component of some contrast mediums, may also not be suitable candidates for an angiography procedure. Because x-rays carry risks of ionising radiation exposure to the fetus, pregnant women are also advised to avoid this procedure.
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